双级轴流微涡轮气动主轴加工工艺研究与优化

Research and optimization of machining process of two-stage axial micro turbine air spindle

  • 摘要: 提出一种基于通用加工中心的高效可批量化生产微涡轮的数控加工工艺及提高金属去除率的方法。以双级轴流式微涡轮气动主轴为研究对象,制定喷嘴转子的加工路线,通过单因素法分析了圆角立铣刀和球头立铣刀加工可展曲面涡轮时的金属去除率,得出在粗铣流道、精铣叶片和轮毂三个工序中,圆角铣刀的金属去除率要比球头铣刀分别高2.96倍、10倍和2倍。通过专用测试平台实验发现,当压缩空气入口压力为0.3 MPa时,达到设计转速100 000 r/min,证实了采用圆柱铣刀侧刃加工叶片来提升金属去除率是高效的,数控加工工艺方案是可行的,为微涡轮批量化生产奠定基础。

     

    Abstract: A high-efficiency, mass-produced micro-turbine numerical control processing technology and a process scheme for improving metal removal rate is proposed. Taking the micro two-stage axial-type turbine air motor as the research object, the machining route of clamping the nozzle rotor is developed, and the metal removal rates of the turbine with the expandable surface when using the rounded end mill and the ball end mill are compared by the quantitative calculation method. In the three processes of rough milling blade passage, finish milling blade and finish milling wheel hub, the metal removal rate of the rounded end mill is 2.96 times, 10 times and 2 times higher, than the ball end mill, respectively. The results tested by a special platform show that when the compressed air inlet pressure is 0.3 MPa, the designed maximum speed of 100 000 r/min is satisfied, which verifies that the numerical control machining process is feasible. Besides, the side edge machining of the blade using the cylindrical milling cutter is efficient to improve the metal removal rate. It also lays a foundation for the mass production of the micro two-stage axial-type turbine air motor.

     

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