Abstract: The machining path of machine tool could be accurately fitted by the position information of high-precision and high-frequency motion axis, which could be used as the basis of dynamic machining accuracy evaluation and error monitoring. Aiming at the problem of real-time high-precision and high-frequency acquisition of motion axis position information, a high-precision and high-frequency acquisition scheme of motion axis position information was proposed based on five axis machine tool. Through the acquisition and calculation of the position loop signal of the machine tool servo system, the high-frequency original position information was obtained and converted into the coordinate value, which was used for the homogeneous kinematics transformation and linear error compensation of the rotary error. Finally, the high-precision and high-frequency motion axis position information of the tool position in the workpiece coordinate system was obtained. In order to verify the position information acquisition method, the test is carried out by DMU 80P five axis CNC machine tool, which is equipped with Siemens 840Dsl system. The test results show that the acquisition frequency of five axis synchronous position is as high as 1 kHz, and the acquisition accuracy of rotating axis and linear axis is ± 0.002 5 °and ±2 μm respectively compared with static positioning accuracy.