Abstract: The thin-walled and hollowed-out workpiece with complex free-form surface as its component is prone to deformation and vibration in traditional processing due to its poor rigidity, complex structure and large amount of material removal, which leads to defects such as poor surface roughness of the workpiece and heavy trace of tool connection. This paper optimized design processing scheme of thin-walled hollow artifacts, by multi axis positioning combined with multi-axis linkage machining of high speed milling process. The influence of the workpiece surface quality and machining partition scheme was studied on the mechanical deformation, thermal deformation process system, and reducing the vibration of the cutting tool system, adopting the appropriate cutting parameters such as the processing conditions on the thin wall type hollow out. The results show that the workpiece can be machined in one loading by using the optimization scheme, and the machining error and tool connection marks can be avoided by repeated positioning.