Abstract: In order to reduce the effect of initial residual stress on the processing deformation of hydrogen-resistant steel thin-walled components, the effect of different cryogenic parameters and high-temperature compound aging on the initial residual stress was investigated based on the contour method, and the effect of initial residual stress release on the deformation of hydrogen-resistant steel thin-walled flat components was studied by simulating material removal using slow-walking processing. The results show that: the initial residual stresses in the forged hydrogen-resistant steel without aging treatment show the distribution characteristics of tensile stress on internal and compression stress on external, and the peak of residual tensile stress is 300 MPa; the spatial distribution characteristics of the residual stresses in the specimens after cryogenic treatment at 350 ℃ for 2 h, −130 ℃ for 10 h and 350 ℃ for 2 h remain stable, and the peak of residual tensile stress is reduced to 100 MPa, the stress amplitude is reduced by 66.7%. The specimens’ processing deformation of different aging treatments increased accordingly with the increase of material removal. The deformation of the untreated specimens after forging was the largest, and the deformation of the specimens treated at 350 ℃ for 2 h, −130 ℃ for 10 h and 350 ℃ for 2 h was the smallest, and the processing deformation of the thin-walled flat components with both types of aging was reduced by 66.7% and 44.4% when the removal amount was 1.6 mm and 3.2 mm.