Abstract: Drilling and tapping center is a modern manufacturing in one of the most common machine tool in metal cutting, especially is widely applied in the 3C industry, on which the product of the cutting process, because of the high-speed spindle, tool change frequently, cause bearing and disc fever, passed to the main shaft by means of heat conduction and convection of other components, resulting in the thermal deformation of the spindle, affect the machining accuracy of machined parts. Drilling and tapping center Z axis screw usually adopt the upper fixed support, the bottom in the form of floating auxiliary support, through the research on the thermal elongation, this paper proposes a spindle - screw adaptive thermal compensation structure, to balance out due to the main shaft of the thermal deformation error caused by the problem of dimensional accuracy, and then improve the machining precision of the drilling and tapping center.