加工参数对金属砂轮电火花精密成型修整的影响

EDM forming precision of metal diamond grinding wheel affected by machining parameters

  • 摘要: 金属基金刚石砂轮(简称金属砂轮)具有磨粒把持力强、耐磨性好、寿命长、能承受较大的磨削压力等特点, 在高性能硬脆材料精密、超精密高效磨削中应用广泛。金属砂轮作为典型的高硬度复合材料,常规的机械加工已经显得极为逊色。因电加工可克服材料硬度高带来的加工难题,是目前金属砂轮成型面加工的主要手段,但其加工精度与实际应用需求存在较大差距。通过分析金属砂轮电加工机理,从电极材料选择、电参数选择、机械参数设计等方面进行了系统研究,指出了合理参数的选择依据。经过实验验证,金属砂轮成型面圆弧精度、角度精度分别可达±0.003 mm、±0.1°,同时单片砂轮修整效率提升了63.3%。对提高金属砂轮成型修整精度、修整效率,提高产品批量稳定性,降低制造成本有着重要意义。

     

    Abstract: Metal fund rigid stone grinding wheel (metal grinding wheel) with the characteristics of strong grit holding, good wear resistance, abrasion-resistance and long service-life, and withstand large grinding pressure, etc., it is widely used in high performance hard and brittle materials precision, ultra-precision and efficient grinding. As a typical high hardness composite material, the conventional machining of metal grinding wheel has been extremely inferior. Electric machining is the main method of forming surface machining of metal grinding wheel, as the machining difficulties caused by high hardness of materials can be overcome by electric machining. However, there is a big gap between its machining accuracy and practical application requirements. In this paper, the electrical discharge machining(EDM) mechanism of metal grinding wheel is analyzed, and the selection of electrode materials, the selection of electrical parameters and the design of mechanical parameters are systematically studied, the selection basis of reasonable parameters is pointed out. The experimental results show that the arc accuracy and angle accuracy of the forming surface of the metal grinding wheel can reach ±0.003 mm and ±0.1°. Meanwhile, the dressing efficiency of the single grinding wheel is improved by 63.3%. This study is of great significance to improve the dressing precision and efficiency of metal grinding wheel, improve the batch stability of products and reduce the manufacturing cost.

     

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