Abstract: In high-end manufacturing areas such as transportation, mining, and petrochemicals, shaft components often failed due to wear, corrosion, and fatigue under the high temperatures and pressures. Nowadays, laser cladding is widely used for shaft components surface repair and strengthen because of its low dilution rate, small heat-affected zone, and good metallurgical bonding between the coating and the substrate. This paper provides an overview of the commonly used process methods for laser cladding, including pre-set powder feeding, simultaneous powder feeding and wire feeding cladding, and provides researchers with an initial understanding of this direction through an introduction to the above processes. At the same time, the performance of the cladding layer of shaft parts processed under different process parameters, such as the influence of comprehensive parameters such as laser power, scanning speed, lap rate and powder feed rate, is reviewed, as well as the application of numerical simulation techniques to the simulation of stress fields when laser cladding processing is carried out on the surface of shaft parts. The research on ultra-high speed laser cladding of shaft components is discussed. Finally, the problems in the current research on laser cladding of shaft components are summarized and the development directions are outlined.