Abstract: Taking the double clutch precision planetary gear reducer used in a numerical control vertical lathe as the research object, the reducer simulation model was established by Romax Designer software, and the transmission system was analyzed statically. The input shaft and output shaft meet the strength requirements, the bearing meets the life requirements, and the contact fatigue strength and bending fatigue of the gear meet the design requirements. The modal analysis of the planetary shelf is carried out by Ansys software, and the first six constraint modes, natural frequency and modal mode characteristics are obtained. Taking the transmission error as the vibration excitation source, the advanced roar analysis of planetary gear reducer is carried out, and the vibration acceleration is the largest in the Y direction. Finally, by ODS analysis, the deformation of flexural mode in Y direction is 0.96μm. This study provides theoretical data for gear modification, vibration reduction and noise reduction.