Abstract: Aiming at the requirements of high fatigue and wear-resistant performance of engine transmission for high-power marine equipment, the structural innovation design of the pin and sleeve parts of the roller chain was carried out by combining with the meshing characteristics and force analysis. The heat treatment process was also optimized. The hardness, wear-resistance and fatigue life tests showed that the surface hardness of the produced pin can be more than 800 HV_0.2, the pressure riveting force of the inner single section was reduced by 24.7%, and the elongation of the chain was reduced by 9% in the wear test of 150 h. Finally, a 2000 h sea trial was conducted by loading the developed chain into a high-power marine ship engine, and the results proved that the newly developed chain can meet the requirement of the high-power marine ship engine. This research breaks through the technical difficulties in the field of China’s marine equipment engines, making China the third country in the world with the production capacity of high-power marine equipment engine transmission chains, and providing valuable experience for the technological innovation in manufacturing industry.