激光切割机横梁蠕变行为对加工精度影响分析

Analysis of the influence of creep behavior of laser cutting machine beam on processing accuracy

  • 摘要: 激光切割机每使用一段时间就需要重新进行加工精度校准,大大降低了使用效率和经济性。针对这一问题开展横梁蠕变行为对加工精度影响分析。首先,基于乌曼斯基薄壁梁约束扭转理论,建立了横梁导轨-滑块-激光发射孔蠕变理论计算简化模型。其次,采用有限元软件对横梁蠕变行为仿真计算,结合理论计算数据研究了激光发射孔xz方向的蠕变机理。再次,获知激光发射孔x方向蠕变量对加工稳定性起主导作用,并且横梁板厚和截面形状是关乎其性能的主要参数。最后,通过优化横梁截面参数 \delta \left(s\right) 和 \rho \left(s\right) ,增加了 \varOmega ^2/J_d 值,从而提高了横梁抗蠕变性能。研究有助于提高激光切割机长期工作时的加工稳定性,具有良好的工程应用价值。

     

    Abstract: The laser cutting machine needs to be re-calibrated for processing accuracy when it is used for some time, which greatly reduces the use efficiency and economical efficiency. To solve this problem, the influence of the creep behavior of the beam for machining accuracy is analyzed. Firstly, based on the Wumansky theory about constrained torsion of thin-walled beam, a simplified model for theory calculating the creep of beam guideway-slider-laser emission hole is established. Secondly, the finite element software is used to simulate the creep behavior of the beam, and the creep mechanism of the laser emission hole in the x and z directions is studied by combining the theoretical calculation data. Then, it is found that the x-direction creep of the laser emission hole plays a leading role in processing stability, and the thickness and section shape of the beam are the main parameters related to its performance. Finally, by optimizing the cross section parameters \delta \left(s\right) and \rho \left(s\right) of the beam and increasing the \varOmega ^2/J_d values, the creep resistance of the beam is improved. The above research is helpful to improve the processing stability of laser cutting machine in long-term operation, and has good engineering application value.

     

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