铝合金长距离送丝MIG焊接技术的研究

Research on MIG welding technology of aluminum alloy long-distance wire feeding

  • 摘要: 为了扩大焊接作业半径延长送丝距离,研究了变转速控制方法在双电机长距离送丝系统中的应用,系统由推丝装置和拉丝装置构成,拉丝电机采用等速送丝的方式,转速略快于设定转速值,推丝装置采用变转速控制方法,分为高转速、低转速和过渡3个阶段,每个阶段对应着不同的转速值和维持时间,当推丝电机实际转速达到目标速度后,经延时后开始变送丝控制。采用铝镁及纯铝焊丝使用长度15 m的送丝电缆,针对不同的送丝速度进行了相关焊接及空送丝的试验。通过上位机软件调整变转速控制的主要参数,固定到焊接电源中,在不焊接的情况下进行超过60 s的持续送丝试验,通过高精度激光测速仪测量转速反馈值与设定值最大偏差小于0.3 m/min,整个送丝过程未出现焊丝堆集、瞬间转速偏差过大等现象,这表明空送丝条件下送丝性能良好,进而保持干伸长不变进行实际焊接试验,使用高速摄像机拍摄焊接过程中的电弧,观察整个焊接过程中电弧未发生抖动、拉弧等现象,满足焊接使用要求,送丝稳定性良好。

     

    Abstract: In order to expand the radius of the welding operation and extend the wire feeding distance, the application of variable speed control method in dual motor long-distance wire feeding system is studied, the system is composed of wire pushing device and wire drawing device, the wire drawing motor adopts the mode of constant velocity wire feeding, the speed is slightly faster than the set speed value, the wire pushing device adopts the variable speed control method, which is divided into three stages, namely high speed, low speed and transition, each stage corresponds to a different speed value and maintenance time, when the actual speed of the wire pushing motor reaches the target speed, the wire transfer control begins after the delay. Aluminum-magnesium and pure aluminum welding wire were used to use a wire feeding cable with a length of 15 m, and the relevant welding and air wire feeding tests were carried out for different wire feeding speeds. The main parameters of variable speed control are adjusted by the host computer software, fixed to the welding power supply, and the continuous wire feeding test is carried out for more than 60 s without welding, and the maximum deviation between the speed feedback value and the set value is less than 0.3 m/min, the whole wire feeding process does not appear welding wire stacking, instantaneous speed deviation is too large and other phenomena, indicating that the wire feeding performance is good under the condition of empty wire feeding, and then the dry elongation remains unchanged for the actual welding test, high-speed cameras are used to shoot the arc during the welding process, through observation that the arc does not jitter and pull the arc phenomenon during the entire welding process, which meets the requirements of welding use, and the stability of wire feeding is good.

     

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