Abstract: Aiming at the reliability test of CNC lathes, a new multi-dimensional force loading device with simple structure and easy engineering installation was proposed. Firstly, the structural design of the multi-dimensional force loading device was carried out based on the principle of spring force deformation, and the spindle force and the loading head stroke were analyzed in turn to explore its rationality. Secondly, the simulation analysis of various working conditions of the device was carried out to verify its feasibility. Finally, the experimental platform was built to carry out the spindle loading experiment, and the relationship between the spindle feed and the load was obtained. The results show that the multi-dimensional force loading device may apply a multi-dimensional dynamic load of more than 1 000 N to the spindle. The average error between experiment and expectation is less than 10%, and the loading capacity is high and meets the design requirements. It is proved that the device has feasibility, stability and high loading capacity, which provides theoretical basis and experimental method for the development of multi-dimensional force loading device.