Abstract: Deep hole machining technology plays an important role in the manufacturing process of core components of energy mining equipment, and its technical level directly affects the overall development level of the equipment. Firstly, the principles of various deep hole cutting and special machining methods were explained, and relevant research on improving machining performance was classified and summarized. Secondly, with the aim of solving problems such as axis deviation and vibration in deep hole machining, the research status of deep hole straightness detection, correction technology, and vibration reduction technology was reported. Finally, the future development trend of deep hole machining was discussed, providing some reference for further selection of research directions in deep hole machining.