Abstract: To obtain faster response speed and stronger anti-interference ability of vector control system of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), a fraction-order fuzzy backstepping control method (FOFB) is proposed in this paper to ensure better control performance of PMSM. Firstly, the system is decomposed according to the principle of backward step control, and a fuzzy logic system is used to approximate the unknown part of the system in each step. Secondly, the appropriate control law and parameter adaptive law are obtained by introducing the fractional order theory and selecting the Lyapunov function conforming to the law of the system. Finally, PMSM controlled by proportional integral derivative (PID), fuzzy PID (F-PID), integer order fuzzy backstepping control (IOFB) and fractional order fuzzy backstepping (FOFB) are simulated respectively. Simulation and experimental results show that FOFB control can realize real-time speed tracking in the process of speed sudden change. Compared with other control strategies, when the load torque FOFB is added, the response performance is better and the anti-interference ability is better when the descending speed is 40 r/min and the overshoot is 4.7%, which proves the rationality and effectiveness of the FOFB control method.