Abstract: The importance of determining the acceleration model in acceleration tests is clear. The choice of model directly impacts the accuracy of test results and the reliability of predictions. To shorten the reliability evaluation cycle and quickly evaluate the reliability of products, the methods and applicability of various acceleration models were introduced and analyzed by taking the tool library and the spindle of the key functional parts of the machining center as an example. Starting from the proposed methods and their applicability, the acceleration models were categorized into single stress, double stress, and multiple stress models. These models have played an important role in engineering practice but still face challenges in making accurate predictions in complex and dynamic environments. Representative models of the three types of acceleration models were introduced, The defects of existing models are identified through analysis. A method for constructing acceleration models was provided, and the development trends of acceleration models are forecasted.