Abstract: A control method combining improved glowworm swarm optimization (GSO)-based active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) and improved super-twisting sliding - mode control (STSMC) is proposed to address the issues of the robustness and steady-state performance of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) control systems being easily affected by external interference and parameter adjustment. Firstly, the parameters of ADRC were optimized using the improved GSO algorithm, which resolved the traditional ADRC's difficulties in parameter selection, sensitivity to initial conditions, and insufficient robustness, thereby enhancing the control system's performance. The optimized ADRC was then applied to the speed loop. Secondly, the improved STSMC was applied to the current loop, addressing the traditional sliding-mode control's shortcomings, such as severe chattering, poor steady - state performance, and high demand for mathematical model accuracy. Finally, the control method was subsequently simulated. Simulation results indicate that the proposed control method can effectively reduce overshoot and steady-state error, improve the system's anti-interference capability, and accelerate response time. The method not only validates its feasibility and superiority but also offers reference suggestions for the design of PMSM control systems.