Abstract: The multi-material additive manufacturing technology has transcended the limitations of traditional multi-material preparation in aspects such as design freedom and process complexity, and has manifested unique advantages in the integrated forming of complex functional integrated components. The existing design processes and methodologies for multi-material components are systematically summarized, with a particular emphasis on expounding the mainstream multi-material additive manufacturing process. The applications of this technology in bio-printing, 4D printing, and electronic component printing are explored, thereby unveiling its distinctive interdisciplinary functional integration potential. Finally, the current challenges confronted by this technology are discussed, and a scientific prospect is presented regarding the future development trends of the multi-material additive manufacturing technology.