Abstract: With the deepening of green development concepts and the growing demand for cost reduction, efficiency improvement, and environmental protection in manufacturing, energy-efficient green machine tools have emerged as critical equipment for the global manufacturing industry's green transformation, attracting widespread attention worldwide. Taking energy-efficient green machine tools as the research object, their current development status at home and abroad was reviewed based on their definition and analysis of demands. The key technology system of energy-efficient green machine tools based on the whole lifecycle was constructed, and the current states of these technologies were analyzed. Subsequently, the development trends of energy-efficient green machine tools were summarized, and future prospects from national key program supporting, standard system establishment, and full industrial chain development were proposed. The aim is to synthesize the technology system and development trends of energy-efficient green machine tools, to support the development and production and promotion of Chinese energy-efficient green machine tools, and foster the collaborative green advancement of Chinese machine tool manufacturing industry.