Abstract: The carbon emission in the manufacturing process is regarded as one of the key factors restricting sustainable development. As a widely applied process in the manufacturing industry, the research on the carbon emission model of cutting and grinding is considered crucial for effectively reducing the carbon footprint in the manufacturing process. However, the quantitative assessment of carbon emissions is faced with challenges due to the multi-source nature of carbon sources and the complexity of influencing factors. Based on this, the influencing factors of carbon emissions in cutting and grinding and the optimization methods for carbon emission reduction are expounded in this paper by considering process parameters and cooling-lubrication technologies. Firstly, the research hotspots of carbon emissions in cutting and grinding are analyzed. Secondly, the modeling methods of carbon emissions in cutting and grinding are summarized from three aspects, namely energy consumption, material consumption, and waste treatment, and the dynamic influence law of process parameters on processing energy consumption and its transmission mechanism to carbon emissions are revealed. Finally, the carbon emission reduction mechanism of new sustainable cooling-lubrication technologies is evaluated. This is provided as a reference for the process optimization of machine tool carbon emission reduction and the development of cooling-lubrication technologies, and a theoretical basis is offered for the construction of green chemical plants.