面向变电站二次接线任务的双臂机器人系统设计

Design of a dual-arm robot system for secondary wiring tasks in substations

  • 摘要: 为解决变电站二次接线任务中人工操作效率低、一致性差和安全风险高等问题,开展双臂机器人系统设计及控制研究。首先,构建了集成机械结构、传感系统和控制单元的双臂机器人系统模型,采用双六轴协作机械臂与多模态感知系统,实现环境感知与精准操作。其次,设计了具备线芯夹持和端子排螺丝拧紧功能的专用末端执行器,以及集成剪线、剥线、折弯及套号码管的线芯预处理工具库,提升了作业适应性与连续性。最后,提出了基于视觉伺服与自适应阻抗控制的机器人协同控制策略,通过分层控制架构实现高精度柔顺操作。试验验证表明,该系统在端子对接与线芯处理环节表现出较高的成功率与合格率,能够适应变电站复杂工况,有效提升二次接线作业的自动化水平与可靠性。

     

    Abstract: To address the problems of low efficiency, poor consistency, and high safety risks associated with manual operations in substation secondary wiring tasks, the design and control of a dual-arm robot system have been carried out. Firstly, a dual-arm robot system model integrating mechanical structure, sensing, and control units is constructed. Equipped with dual six-axis collaborative robotic arms and a multimodal perception system, the model achieves environmental perception and precise manipulation. Secondly, a specialized end-effector with wire core clamping and terminal block screw tightening functions was designed, together with a wire core preprocessing tool library integrating wire cutting, stripping, bending, and number tube sleeving. These designs enhanced operational adaptability and continuity. Finally, a robot cooperative control strategy based on visual servoing and adaptive impedance control was proposed, and high-precision compliant operation was achieved through a hierarchical control architecture. Experimental verification shows that the system exhibits high success and qualification rates in terminal docking and wire core processing, can adapt to the complex operating conditions of substations, and effectively improves the automation level and reliability of secondary wiring operations.

     

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