Abstract: Permanent magnet linear synchronous motors (PMLSM) are widely used in high-end equipment manufacturing by directly converting electrical energy into linear motion without mechanical transmission. However, traditional vector control fails to satisfy high-performance position control needs under complex conditions due to insufficient dynamic response and steady-state precision. Sliding mode control, a robust nonlinear method, effectively suppresses nonlinear factors like parameter perturbations, friction disturbances, and sudden load changes in PMLSM systems. Given PMLSMs' multivariable, strongly coupled, and nonlinearity-prone nature, A review of position sliding mode control strategies is presented, analyzing core principles, implementation mechanisms, and different methods' characteristics and progress. It aims to provide theoretical references to enhance PMLSM position control accuracy and robustness, ultimately advancing their application in high-end equipment manufacturing.