基于逆向工程的增材制造产品快速加工技术

Rapid machining technology for additive manufacturing products based on reverse engineering

  • 摘要: 针对当前航天器增材制造异型结构类产品在加工中的困难,结合逆向工程原理,提出了“装夹-扫描-拟合-编程-加工”的一体化快速加工技术。通过粘胶固定与辅助支撑相结合的装夹方案实现产品无应力固定,设计适用于异型增材制造产品装夹的基准工装实现快速装夹找正,通过扫描获取点云并逆向拟合设计模型实现虚拟基准统一,结合产品变形和余量分析实现数控程序高精度余量补偿,最终实现异型增材制造产品无需重复找正快速加工。经过实际加工验证,对于典型异型增材制造支架,定位误差优于0.08 mm,生产效率提升186%。

     

    Abstract: Aiming at the difficulties in the machining of additively manufactured products with special-shaped structures for current spacecraft, this paper proposes an integrated rapid machining technology of "clamping-scanning-fitting-programming-machining" by combining the principles of reverse engineering. A clamping scheme that combines adhesive fixing and auxiliary support is adopted to achieve stress-free fixing of products; a positioning tooling suitable for clamping additively manufactured products with special-shaped structures is designed to realize rapid clamping and alignment; point cloud data is obtained through scanning, and reverse fitting is conducted to construct the design model, thereby achieving the unification of virtual datums; high-precision allowance compensation for CNC programs is realized by combining product deformation analysis and allowance analysis. Finally, rapid machining of additively manufactured products with special-shaped structures without repeated alignment is achieved. Practical machining verification shows that for a typical additively manufactured special-shaped bracket, the positioning error is better than 0.08 mm, and the production efficiency is increased by 186%.

     

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