Abstract: Against the backdrop of the global energy transition, offshore wind power has developed rapidly as a vital component of clean energy. As wind power facilities continue to expand in scale, traditional manual inspection methods face bottlenecks such as low efficiency, high costs, and significant safety risks, making them inadequate for modern operation and maintenance demands. Innovative solutions for efficient and safe inspections of offshore wind farms have been offered by intelligent robotics technology. Five major categories of inspection robotics currently deployed in offshore wind farms were systematically reviewed, including inspection unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), climbing inspection robots, underwater inspection robots, ground inspection robots and rail-based inspection robots. Detailed analysis was conducted on structural characteristics, key technologies, application scenarios, advantages and limitations of each robot type. It was indicated that inspection drones are suitable for large-scale aerial inspections, climbing inspection robots enable close-range precision inspections of tower and blade surfaces, underwater inspection robots specialize in submerged inspections, ground inspection robots adapt to complex platform environments, and rail-based inspection robots provide stable, high-frequency automated inspections inside nacelles. Despite widespread adoption, challenges persist in autonomy, environmental adaptability, energy supply and multi-robot coordination. Future development will be focused on high-energy-density energy storage, multi-source perception fusion, swarm intelligence collaboration and construction of full-lifecycle intelligent operation and maintenance systems. Comprehensive technical references were provided for researchers and engineers in intelligent operation and maintenance of offshore wind power, driving the evolution of inspection robots toward greater efficiency, intelligence and reliability.