连杆弹簧式恒压蓄能器设计与性能研究

Design and performance of a linkage-spring type constant-pressure accumulator

  • 摘要: 针对传统液压蓄能器储能密度低、压力波动大和恒压调节困难等问题,提出一种新型连杆弹簧式恒压蓄能器。该蓄能器通过液压活塞缸结合对心与偏置曲柄滑块机构构成恒力机构,利用弹簧压缩储能,在活塞行程范围内实现油液压力的近似恒定输出。机构设计中,通过优化杆件参数使滑块端主动力保持恒力特性,并创新性地将曲柄设计为长度可调结构,实现恒力值的便捷调节。通过建立非线性动力学模型,分析了油液刚度、阻尼及摩擦特性对压力稳定性的影响。仿真结果表明,考虑非线性因素后,蓄能器的恒压值仍然保持稳定。最后,通过实验验证了在不同弹簧刚度和安装位置时,蓄能器仍具有良好的工作性能,为提升液压系统储能效率提供了新方案。

     

    Abstract: To address the limitations of traditional hydraulic accumulators, such as low energy storage density, significant pressure fluctuations, and difficulty in constant-pressure regulation, a novel linkage-spring constant-pressure accumulator is proposed in this work. The accumulator integrates a hydraulic piston cylinder with an inline crank-slider mechanism and an offset crank-slider mechanism to form a constant-force mechanism. Energy is stored through spring compression, enabling near-constant hydraulic pressure output across the piston stroke. In the mechanism design, rod parameters are optimized to maintain a constant force at the slider end, while an adjustable crank is innovatively introduced to facilitate convenient regulation of the constant-force magnitude. A nonlinear dynamic model is established to analyze the effects of oil stiffness, damping, and friction characteristics on pressure stability. Simulation results demonstrate that stable constant-pressure output is maintained even after accounting for nonlinear factors. Finally, experimental validation is performed under varying spring stiffnesses and installation positions. The results confirm robust operational performance of the accumulator, providing a new solution for enhancing the energy storage efficiency of hydraulic systems.

     

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