Abstract: In the process of ultra-precision cutting, the removal behavior of workpiece material is influenced by the elastic recovery of the machining surface and the structure of the tool edge, resulting in complex elastic-plastic deformation in the cutting area and difficulty in predicting cutting forces. A prediction method for ultra-precision cutting force considering the surface rebound of the processed surface and the influence of the tool edge was proposed. A calculation model for the contact area formed by the workpiece material's rebound effect and the tool was established. The variation law of the friction angle of cutting deformation with the cutting speed was analyzed. The mechanism of the influence of surface rebound and the geometric shape of the tool edge on the cutting force in ultra-precision cutting was clarified. A cutting force analytical prediction model was constructed based on the shear plane force balance equation, and the reliability of the cutting force model was verified through ultra-precision turning experiments of micro groove structures under different machining parameters. The research results show that the average relative error of the established cutting force prediction model is 5.9%, and the maximum prediction error is 10.8%. This study can provide theoretical support for the analysis and prediction of ultra-precision cutting force and the optimization of process parameters.