Abstract: The logarithmic generatrix rollers of shield machine main bearings have long relied on imports. Traditional rigid machining methods such as rigid superfinishing, abrasive belt grinding and electrolytic grinding suffer from contour damage, step error, environmental pollution and low efficiency, making it difficult to simultaneously achieve logarithmic generatrix contour fidelity, surface finishing and subsurface strengthening.To address the above problems, this paper proposes an abrasive flow flexible profiling polishing method. A bidirectional symmetrical flow channel non-clamping fixture suitable for horizontal abrasive flow precision polishing machine is designed, and a particle size graded machining process is established. Relying on viscoelastic abrasives, 360° full-domain blind-spot-free polishing of rollers is realized.Under the optimal process parameters, the surface roughness of the rollers is reduced to 0.110～0.126 μm with a reduction rate of 51%～56.3%; the subsurface residual compressive stress is strengthened by 4～6 times, and the contour retention rate reaches 88%～93%, with the single-piece machining time controlled within 25 minutes.This method effectively solves the problem that traditional rigid machining easily damages the logarithmic generatrix contour, and its comprehensive performance is significantly superior to traditional processes such as rigid superfinishing and abrasive belt grinding. The research results not only provide technical support for the localized manufacturing of shield machine main bearing rollers, but also offer a reference for the flexible precision machining of precision machine tool spindle bearing rollers and high-end transmission rotating parts, as well as the structural design and process optimization of special-purpose machine tools.