Abstract: Flexible assembly technology has become a key component of the digital transformation of manufacturing because of its advantages in high efficiency, high precision, and strong flexibility. With the continuous progress of China's industrial manufacturing sector and the increasing demand for intelligent manufacturing, this technology is playing an increasingly important role in the production of industrial products. Focusing on the development of flexible assembly technology over the past decade, relevant domestic and international studies are reviewed. Firstly, the development history, application fields, and application stages of flexible assembly technology are systematically analyzed. Secondly, research hotspots in industrial manufacturing are then discussed. Finally, future development trends of flexible assembly technology are summarized and discussed.