Abstract: The material form of FDM 3D printer and printing quality are affected by the temperature control system of nozzle assembly.Taking the nozzle of self-made FDM 3D printer as the research object and PLA as the test material, 3 heat sinks(blade shape, turbine shape, chuan shape) were designed according to the design criteria; the thermal simulation was completed by ANYSYS based on the transient temperature heat transfer theory; the turbine temperature test was completed by contact thermometer. The results show that the heat dissipation of the nozzle is affected by the shape and layout of the heat sink.For the forced air cooling structure with the fan arranged on the heat sink,the radiating fins arranged radially on the curved surface are more conducive to wind guidance and which has better heat dissipation.The heat flux density at the throat of the turbine heat sink (between the heating block and the heat sink) is large,the temperature decreases obviously from bottom to top and can be reduced by about 51.6%, the heat dissipation efficiency is high.