Abstract: The thermal steady state simulation analysis models for the solid ball screw system and for the hollow ball screw system were established respectively first based on the determination and computation of the heat source and thermal boundary conditions of the ball screw system. Besides, the finite element method was applied to obtain the thermal steady temperature field distribution. Then, the thermal deformation status of solid ball screw and hollow ball screw was obtained through the thermal structure coupling analysis on the ball screw system with multi-field coupling, and the influence of thermal deformation on the ball screw system was analyzed.After that, the modal analysis and static analysis on the solid/hollow ball screw system were performed respectively to study the changes of the static and dynamic characteristics of the ball screw after being hollowed out. By doing so, it would provide theoretical evidence for the optimization and improvement of the vertical machining center.