Performance optimization design and research of built-in V-type permanent magnet synchronous moto
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摘要: 为提升永磁同步电机的输出转矩、削弱转矩脉动和齿槽转矩、提升电机运行稳定性,设计了一种新型转子磁障,提出了一种新型转子结构永磁同步电机(permanent magnet synchronous motor with new rotor structure, NRS-PMSM)。在优先考虑电机整体效率的基础上,利用多目标敏感度分析方法,选择转子磁障对电机输出转矩、转矩脉动和齿槽转矩影响较大的关键结构参数,利用遗传算法优化结构尺寸参数得到最优解集合。通过有限元法分析计算NRS-PMSM的输出转矩、转矩脉动以及齿槽转矩等电磁性能,仿真实验结果表明,NRS-PMSM能够达到增加输出转矩,削弱转矩脉动和齿槽转矩的目的。Abstract: In order to increase the output torque of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, weaken the torque ripple and cogging torque, and improve the operation stability of the motor, a new type of rotor magnetic barrier was designed, and a new type of permanent magnet synchronous motor with new rotor structure (NRS-PMSM) was proposed. On the basis of giving priority to the overall efficiency of the motor, the multi-objective sensitivity analysis method was used, select the key structural parameters that have a significant impact on the output torque, torque ripple, and cogging torque of the motor due to the rotor magnetic barrier, and use genetic algorithm to optimize the structural size parameters to obtain the optimal solution set. The electromagnetic performance of NRS-PMSM, including output torque, torque ripple, and cogging torque, was analyzed and calculated using finite element method. The simulation results showed that NRS-PMSM can increase output torque, weaken torque ripple, and cogging torque.
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表 1 两台电机的参数
参数 常规电机 NRS-PMSM 极对数 4 4 槽数 48 48 定子外径/mm 269.5 269.5 定子内径/mm 161.9 161.9 转子外径/mm 160.7 160.7 转子内径/mm 96.2 96.2 气隙长度/mm 0.6 0.6 线圈匝数 15 15 永磁体型号 NdFeB35 NdFeB35 永磁体厚度/mm 5.5 5.2 表 2 设计变量及约束范围
设计变量/单位 约束范围 磁桥宽度T1/mm [2,3.2] 第一层弧形磁障厚度T2/mm [1.5,2.5] 第二层弧形磁障厚度T3/mm [1,2] 永磁体厚度W1/mm [4.8,5.4] 极间磁桥宽度W2/mm [1.5,3.5] 椭圆磁障长轴L/mm [18,24] 第一层平行磁障厚度L1/mm [1,1.5] 第二层平行磁障厚度L2/mm [1,2] 第三层平行磁障厚度L3/mm [1.5,2.5] 表 3 设计变量分层结果
变量分层 变量名称 主要变量 T1、L、L2、L3 非主要变量 T2、T3、W1、W2、L1 表 4 关键结构参数优化调整前后取值变化
mm 关键参数 初始值 优化值 椭圆磁障长轴L 20 23.38 磁桥宽度T1 2.6 2.45 第二层平行磁障厚度L2 1.5 1.85 第三层平行磁障厚度L3 2 2.15 表 5 优化前后目标取值对比
电机 常规电机 NRS-PMSM 输出转矩/(N·m) 80.6 86.9 转矩脉动/(%) 13.2 5.2 齿槽转矩/(N·m) 0.84 0.58 -
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