Optimization of milling parameters considering surface quality and hardness of screw rotor
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摘要: 为提高多头螺杆转子的加工质量,文章探究了外包络铣削工艺参数对表面粗糙度和硬度的影响,并对工艺参数进行优化。以主轴转速、间歇进给量及加工倍率作为因素进行正交试验,试验结果表明:加工倍率是影响表面粗糙度值最主要的因素,间歇进给量是影响显微硬度值最主要的因素。采用多目标优化算法对工艺参数进行优化,得到最优工艺参数组合如下:主轴转速为191 r/min,间歇进给量为3.1 mm,加工倍率为15%。用该组参数加工可使表面粗糙度值降低17.15%,显微硬度值提高7.60%。文章提出的方法可为工艺参数的优化提供参考。Abstract: In order to improve the machining quality of multi-head screw rotors, this paper explores the influence of outer envelope milling parameters on surface roughness and hardness was investigated, and the parameters were optimized. Orthogonal tests were carried out with spindle speed, intermittent feed rate and machining rate as factors. The results show that machining rate is the most important factor affecting surface roughness value, and intermittent feed is the most important factor affecting microhardness value. The multi-objective optimization algorithm was used to optimize the process parameters, and the optimal combination of process parameters was obtained as follows: the spindle speed was 191 r/min, the intermittent feed rate was 3.1 mm, and the machining rate was 15%. The surface roughness value can be reduced by 17.15% and the microhardness value can be increased by 7.60%. The method presented in this paper can provide reference for the optimization of process parameters.
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Key words:
- screw rotor /
- outer envelope milling /
- surface quality /
- microhardness /
- parameter optimization
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表 1 45#钢化学成分
(%) C Si Mn Cr Ni Cu 0.42~0.50 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 ≤0.25 ≤0.30 0.25 表 2 45#钢物理属性
屈服强度/
MPa抗拉强度/
MPa断面收缩率/
(%)断后伸长率/
(%)≥355 ≥600 ≥40 ≥16 表 3 正交试验因素水平表
水平 因素 主轴转速n/(r/min) 间歇进给量f/mm 加工倍率F/(%) 1 160 3.0 10 2 170 3.5 15 3 180 4.0 20 4 190 4.5 25 5 200 5.0 30 表 4 正交试验方案及结果
序号 n/
(r/min)f/
mmF/
(%)粗糙度Ra/
µm显微硬度N/
(HV1)1 160 3.0 10 1.093 160.7 2 160 3.5 15 1.123 174.1 3 160 4.0 20 1.203 187.4 4 160 4.5 25 1.300 205.2 5 160 5.0 30 1.463 230.7 6 170 3.0 15 1.077 179.7 $\vdots $ $\vdots $ $\vdots $ $\vdots $ $\vdots $ $\vdots $ 21 200 3.0 30 1.291 180.8 22 200 3.5 10 0.800 196.4 23 200 4.0 15 0.961 194.2 24 200 4.5 20 1.182 194.5 25 200 5.0 25 1.463 186.6 表 5 Ra方差分析结果
来源 自由度 Adj SS Adj MS F值 P值 模型 8 0.665 068 0.083 134 49.45 0.000 线性 3 0.631 691 0.210 564 125.24 0.000 n 1 0.025 088 0.025 088 14.92 0.001 f 1 0.139 587 0.139 587 83.03 0.000 F 1 0.415 116 0.415 116 246.91 0.000 平方 3 0.036 944 0.012 315 7.32 0.003 n×n 1 0.000 121 0.000 121 0.07 0.792 f×f 1 0.000 028 0.000 028 0.02 0.899 F×F 1 0.036 472 0.036 472 21.69 0.000 交互 2 0.077 300 0.038 650 22.99 0.000 n×f 1 0.023 090 0.023 090 13.73 0.002 n×F 1 0.015 791 0.015 791 9.39 0.007 误差 16 0.026 900 0.001 681 合计 24 0.691 968 表 6 N方差分析结果
来源 自由度 Adj SS Adj MS F值 P值 模型 8 4 369.91 546.24 62.35 0.000 线性 3 836.05 278.68 31.81 0.000 n 1 0.14 0.14 0.02 0.903 f 1 800.44 800.44 91.36 0.000 F 1 10.29 10.29 1.17 0.294 平方 3 671.24 223.75 25.54 0.000 n×n 1 153.92 153.92 17.57 0.001 f×f 1 361.95 361.95 41.31 0.000 F×F 1 99.77 99.77 11.39 0.004 交互 2 2 045.82 1 022.91 116.76 0.000 n×f 1 353.34 353.34 40.33 0.000 n×F 1 687.98 687.98 78.53 0.000 误差 16 140.18 8.76 合计 24 4 510.09 表 7 设计变量优化结果
设计变量 n/(r/min) f/ mm F/(%) 优化前 200 4 20 优化后 191 3.1 15 -
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